factorio offshore pump heat exchanger ratio factorio offshore pump heat exchanger ratio

Try this checklist before you completely revamp your power source. The offshore pump produces water from a lake or ocean. The number of boilers can be derived from the number of steam engines: 40 2 = 20. One pump can supply up to 20 boilers. If your heat pipe is too long, your reactors will max out at 1000 C before your heat exchangers can reach a steady state of 500 C, and and you'll start to waste heat. This page was last edited on 16 February 2022, at 11:27. by gGeorg Sat Dec 07, 2019 1:00 am, Post On a lake, very carefully - they consume a monstrous amount of water, and having the multiple required offshore pumps integrated directly into the design is often worth the hassle of wrangling landfill. factorio offshore pump heat exchanger ratio 15 - Factorio Factorio Forums View topic - 0. If I know how much energy i'm outputting from my reactors -> figure out how many turbines -> figure out how many heat exchangers -> How many pumps do I need? I wasn't sure if Heat exchanger converts 1 water into 1 steam and there is nothing written in its tooltip. by leitk Mon Dec 02, 2019 4:29 am, Post Change fluidbox height and base level of boiler, steam engine and pump to improve fluid flow. The current optimal ratio is 1 offshore pump to 20 boilers to 40 steam engines. One steam engine consumes 30 steam per second, and one offshore pump produces 1200 water per second, so each offshore pump produces enough water to supply 40 steam engines: 1200 unit/s 30 units/s = 40. The Factorio devs plan some refactoring for the upcoming version 0.17. However I want to do a different configuration and want to plan out how many of each type of component I need. The steam produced is exactly 500C hot, even if the exchanger is hotter. 4 Heat Exchangers boil 412.36 Water to Steam per second (103.09 per Heat Exchanger ). The true maximally efficient layout is a 2 by X rectangle; this gives you access to every reactor. The ideal ratio is 4 Reactors, 48 Heat Exchangers, 83 Steam Turbines and 5 Water pumps. Press J to jump to the feed. If you run an odd number of reactors, you should have a 2 by X rectangle with one reactor dangling off the end. by mrvn Fri Nov 29, 2019 4:41 pm, Post All trademarks are property of their respective owners in the US and other countries. The optimal ratio of accumulators per solar panel relies on many values in the game. Hence, each water pump can support a maximum of 40 steam generators. chrisgbk 6 yr. ago Technically the HX consumes the water and outputs an equal amount of steam. Then have a simple trigger than turns your nuclear plant on and off based on the storage tank steam levels. A heat exchanger consumes 10 MW. There is a handy table on the factorio wiki listing the throughput for different lengths of pipe between pumps. by astroshak Wed Jan 08, 2020 11:15 am, Post Are there enough steam generators (boilers, heat exchangers)? But the water only gets heated up from 15C to 500C, so by 485C. Then you just connect the reactors to exchangers and exchangers to turbines, also you need about 1 water pump per 10 exchangers (in vanilla). factorio offshore pump heat exchanger ratio For more information, please see our 40 MW of power output is consumed by 4 Heat Exchangers (10MW per Heat Exchanger ). Heat exchangers will not produce steam until they reach 500C. If you overbuild reactors, you can end up wasting a lot of fuel cells without realizing it. An offshore pump produces 1200 units of water per second, which is enough for 116.4 MW. In a vanilla game that's. what, 1k science a minute? Also, before you set it up, make sure you nuke any landfill land to get a little pollution absorption to help manage your Fun fumes cloud. These fuel cells are then burned in a nuclear reactor to create heat. Includes pipe, pipe to ground, pump, offshore pump, heat pipe. can you post a screenshot/blueprint? u/asdjfsjhfkdjs calculated the convergents of 500:291, and found that 7 : 4 and 55 : 32 are both fairly accurate approximations. And probably how many Offshore Pumps you need for them? . by Honktown Mon Jan 06, 2020 6:52 pm, Post and our Yogi Berra. Don't ask me how that works.) Nuclear power plants mostly need a lot of water. This link for calculations. Until then it is advisable to not use more than one pump per water network. Heat exchangers have different dynamics to actual pipes. by mrvn Wed Jan 08, 2020 3:42 pm, Post 9.89 gigawatts is a lot. If the player uses mods which change the power generation of solar panels, or the energy storage of accumulators, but not the length of days, a simplified version of this equation can be used. The above ratio can be calculated from information available in-game: One boiler consumes 1.8MW of fuel and produces energy stored in steam at 100% efficiency. 1 electric pump can keep up with rate of roughly 10 water pumps if i recall, so at least you don't need to have pump and waterpump flows in parallel. Steam that has a higher temperature than the maximum temperature of the steam engine (165C) is consumed at the normal rate (30 units/s), and does not yield more electricity. Note: This is ONLY to be used to report spam, advertising, and problematic (harassment, fighting, or rude) posts. A steam turbine consumes 60 units of steam per second, which is 5.82 MW. 120 MW ^Note: Pumps, Steam Turbines and Power are approximate for easier build ratios. Build the reactor over a lake, with careful placement of landfill you can have pumps directly feeding each end of the heat exchanger line. turbines, exchangers and reactor ratios will vary due to neighbor bonuses. by disentius Fri Nov 29, 2019 9:15 pm, Post Each turbine consume 60 water/s so 1200/60=20 turbines. Give exchanger max heat you can then let the exchanger turn 25k water into steam. Place some pipes or a tank at the end to see if there is really water coming through. As each heat exchanger produces 10 MW, the optimal ratio is 500 steam turbines for every 291 heat exchangers. using 3 pumps and a tank, you can feed 28 heat exchangers. I get that offshore pumps produce 1200 units of water per second. I concur the ratio is 1:1 cerified through testing. Neighbor bonuses make nuclear very efficient: 1 reactor = 40MW = 4 exchangers = 7 turbines, 2 reactor = 160MW = 16 exchangers = 28 turbines, 4 reactor = 480MW = 48 exchangers = 83 turbines. One steam engine consumes 900kW of energy stored in steam, so each boiler can supply 2 steam engines: 1.8MW 0.9MW = 2. Is the factory producing enough fuel (coal, solid fuel, uranium fuel cells)? Connect water tank to exchanger for exactly 25k units water. So the 50,000C are enough to heat up 103 units of steam per second, since 50,000 / 485 = 103.09. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. Or so. Additional comment actions. by Honktown Fri Jan 03, 2020 8:34 pm, Post Tutorial:Main bus. The lake under the oil field looks like a nice place, letting you place offshore pumps near the center, with the turbines extending to land. The heat exchanger exchanges heat between a heat connection and water to produce steam . by Honktown Mon Dec 02, 2019 1:56 pm, Post Valve Corporation. The glow of the heat pipes indicates temperature, with left ends being at the upper limit of 1000C. Since steam is produced from water in a 1:1 ratio, this also means that 103 units of water are consumed per second. Doubled the heat capacity of water from 0.1kJ per degree per liter to 0.2kJ. This means the energy that was put into the steam to heat it to a higher temperature is wasted. Steam engines are the most basic electricity generator, available to the player at the start of the game. Now you have 0 waste of fuel. Additional comment actions. Perfectly optimal solar network (Factorio forums), 1 solar panel produces 42KW after factoring in the night (Factorio forums), https://wiki.factorio.com/index.php?title=Power_production&oldid=182968. The optimal ratio is 0.84 (21:25) accumulators per solar panel, and 23.8 solar panels per megawatt required by your factory (this ratio accounts for solar panels needed to charge the accumulators). by steinio Fri Jan 03, 2020 4:52 pm, Post A heat exchanger produces 10 MJ a second, therefore it produces 10MJ / 0.097MJ = 103.0927835 steam per second. All rights reserved. It takes 200J to heat 1 unit of water by 1C. Someone already mentioned the normal "build on a lake" strategy. The maximum length of heat pipe you can use depends on the combined distance of your heat exchangers from your reactors. Heat exchangers will not produce steam until they reach 500C. Espaol - Latinoamrica (Spanish - Latin America), https://wiki.factorio.com/Tutorial:Nuclear_power#Neighbor_bonus. It produces 1200 units of water per second. This means a single unit of 500C steam has 5.82MW / (60/s) = 0.097 MJ of energy. This layout produces 40 MW output ( 1 SRE ). Community-run subreddit for the game Factorio made by Wube Software. Optimal ratio is 1 offshore pump for every 20 steam turbines; or, 25 offshore pumps for every 291 heat exchangers. This produces the 1:20:40 ratio. (Low quality because reddit wouldn't let me upload the full png) redditads Promoted. There are multiple methods to produce electricity: Each steam engine needs 0.5 boilers when running at full capacity. A theory without practice is dead, practice without a theory is blind, this quote is attributed to commander Alexander Suvorov. P UMPING U NITS M EETING P HYSICS S TANDARDS This mod started off as a project to sustain my most eco-unfriendly excessive water needs by implementing some Higher Tier Offshore Pumps. Also iirc tanks limit liquid throuput when it flows through them, so try connecting them on the side and not in-line if you have to at all. Is steam able to reach all steam engines? Is there any info about how much water per second Heat Exchangers use? 12. Heat exchangers produce 103 steam/second.This can be calculated by relying on steam turbine data: A steam turbine consumes 60 steam/second and produces 5.82MW (assuming 500C steam). The throughput of a fluid pipe depends on the length of said pipe, but you can put in pumps to pressurize the pipe and increase the throughput. Does the game consider 1 water = 1 steam (just a different temperature?) One Offshore pump can fully supply 12 (11.64) . Mark IIIs are unable to complete a full cycle without going into meltdown and thus need to be shutdown mid-cycle in order to deal with the high amount of excess heat. One offshore pump can supply 20 boilers and 40 steam engines. Each boiler is capable of producing enough 165C steam for two steam generators. To heat up 1 unit of water 1 degree, 200 joules are needed, so the heat exchanger is heating up water by 50,000C in total. The lake under the oil field looks like a nice place, letting you place offshore pumps near the center, with the turbines extending to land. and another post in that thread (which calculates the solar panel to megawatt ratio in a different way). By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. One exchanger 3 storage tanks plus inf heat. #footer_privacy_policy | #footer . The current optimal ratio is 1 offshore pump to 20 boilers to 40 steam engines. One steam engine consumes 900kW of energy stored in steam, so each boiler can supply 2 steam engines: 1.8MW 0.9MW = 2. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. 1 offshore pump: 20 Steam Turbines. Calculator for the Nuclear Reactor. If not, ensure all. Ratio of reactors to whatever is 2x2 480MW reactor to 10MW heat exchanger, ratio of reactors to miners is 1:4 iirc, so double that miners, You will need 1x2 chunks space near water, so anywhere, maybe next to Oil Field's Uranium patch. Using steam engines for power does not produce pollution, however using boilers to heat up the water does. I found the cheatsheet and wiki which have been quite helpful. Create an account to follow your favorite communities and start taking part in conversations. The main thing to remember is that Factorio generally follows the laws of thermodynamics; if your nuclear reactor produces 40 megawatts of heat, you can get a maximum of 40 megawatts of electricity out the other side. Valve Corporation. (100% neighbor bonus per adjacent reactor). Don't ask me how that works.). I've confirmed that the true value is indeed 5.82, and updated everything accordingly. Geplaatst op 3 juli 2022 door . As far as I can tell, the absolute smallest perfect-ratio setup possible is: which would require an input of 1.46 uranium fuel cells per second and output a cool 46.56 gigawatts of electricity. A reactor produces 40MW, plus another 40MW for each active neighbouring reactor. For each 100% neighbor bonus, the reactor needs 4 more heat exchangers. 75 crafting speed, while the induction furnaces use 3 * 1, so the ratio could be fine tuned a bit. Steam engines have two ports, allowing excess steam to flow through. Since heat exchangers consume 103.1 water each, a few dozen seems reasonable if . Originally posted by Alaskan Glitch: The ratio is one water pump will supply a maximum of 20 boilers with water. Any experiences/suggestions/comments are welcome. I have been reading all about Nuclear power so I can convert my factory. A perfect square of reactors has the highest theoretical efficiency, but at 3x3 and above you'll have reactors surrounded on all 4 sides and have no way to load the uranium fuel cells. The true value comes from the following facts: It takes 1 kilojoule of thermal energy to raise 5 units of water/steam 1 C, You've heated water from 15 C to 500 C; 500 - 15 = 485, Consuming steam in turbines gives you the same amount of energy back as electricity, Steam is consumed by steam turbines at a rate of 60 units/second. However you did warn me: Save often and reload if necessary during landfilling. (Except that you can potentially turn 8 gigajoules of uranium fuel cell into 40 gigajoules of heat. Ratio of heat exchangers to turbines is 1:2, don't bother building lots of pipes for 10% les turbines. One offshore pump can supply 20 boilers and 40 steam engines. Each heat exchanger converts 103 water to 103 steam, feeding 1.72 turbines. Espaol - Latinoamrica (Spanish - Latin America). Here are the total requirements for certain amounts of reactors, with everything rounded up to guarantee maximum energy production. They only work when they're above 500 C, and have a maximum temperature of 1000 C. Temperatures above 500 don't increase efficiency; the exchanger will just store the heat, which it can then use later. Each heat exchanger converts 103 water to 103 steam, feeding 1.72 turbines. Remember that water in pipes still obeys Factorio physics; if you pipe your water a long distance, you may not get the full 1200/s. There are also times between day and night called dusk and dawn which complicate the calculations. So you have 10 + 12 = 22 pipes. By accepting all cookies, you agree to our use of cookies to deliver and maintain our services and site, improve the quality of Reddit, personalize Reddit content and advertising, and measure the effectiveness of advertising. Looking for efficient setups? Heat pipes (also in reactors and heat exchangers) glow with high temperatures. Factorio - The Best Nuclear Power Ratio To generate ten fuel cells, you will need one U-235 cell and nineteen U-238 cells. In theory, there is no difference between theory and practice. The heat can be used to convert water to steam using a heat exchanger and the steam can be consumed by steam turbines to produce power. Heat exchangers produce ~103 steam with a temperature of 500C every second. Added high graphics quality option for the steam engine. See also the applied power math tutorial to answer the question how much coal do I need? Privacy Policy. by Amarula Fri Nov 29, 2019 3:09 pm, Post One boiler consumes 1. by Honktown Tue Jan 07, 2020 10:30 pm, Post Hovering the mouse over a steam engine will display their current power production (Performance) and their possible power production (Available Performance), in a display on the right. You can check the usage on the turbines as well as the production stat on the offshore pump. You can also have some steam tanks with additional turbines for power spikes (laser turrets etc) as reactors always work with 100% power tanks will store steam when you're not using it all), Factorio Cheat Sheet - That's all the information you need. At full 10 MW load this is 103.096 water per second. Heat exchanger heats 15C water to 500C steam; It takes 0.2 kJ of burner energy to raise 1 water 1C; Steam is consumed by steam turbines at a rate of 60 units per second; (500C - 15C) 0.2 kJ 60 units = 5820 kW, or 5.82 MW. by azesmbog Fri Nov 29, 2019 4:19 pm, Post Do the numbers in the "beacons" column represent the number of modules or the number of beacons? All rights reserved. 6, crafting time is 15s, producing 0. They produce electricity by consuming steam, using water pumped from an offshore pump that was heated to 165C steam with boilers or to 500C steam with heat exchangers. How do you set up a reactor to get enough water to keep producing steam? These include the power generation of a solar panel, the energy storage of an accumulator, the length of a day, and the length of a night. Heat exchangers are pipes too. Note: This is ONLY to be used to report spam, advertising, and problematic (harassment, fighting, or rude) posts. Each offshore pump outputs 1200 units of water per second. A heat exchanger consumes 10 MW. Each steam turbine take a maximum input of 60 units of 500 C steam per second and outputs 5.82 megawatts of electricity; the 5.8 megawatts listed on the tooltip is rounded. Each heat exchanger takes a maximum input 10 megawatts of heat and uses it to heat water into steam. Introduction Troubled by pipes having low flow rates? by Amarula Fri Jan 03, 2020 4:45 pm, Post A heat exchanger produces 10 MJ a second, therefore it produces 10MJ / 0.097MJ = 103.0927835 steam per second. In practice, there is. Geplaatst op 3 juli 2022 door . by Bauer Wed Jan 08, 2020 3:04 pm, Post The steam production rate can also be calculated using the energy consumption: 1 Heat exchanger consumes 10MW, so it's putting 10,000,000 joule of energy into heating water/steam per second. This means that you need 1.428 MW of production (of solar panels) and 100MJ of storage to provide 1 MW of power over one day-night cycle. By rejecting non-essential cookies, Reddit may still use certain cookies to ensure the proper functionality of our platform. It takes 200J to heat 1 unit of water by 1C. A compendium of the most common Factorio game facts, such as build ratios, tips/tricks, . https://wiki.factorio.com/index.php?title=Heat_exchanger&oldid=175988. 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, Mechanical Throughput Magic (circuit-free), Frequently Suggested / Link Collections, https://wiki.factorio.com/Power_product lear_power, https://mods.factorio.com/mod/AdvancedNuclear3, https://mods.factorio.com/mod/LandfillEverything. Heat pipes are used to transfer heat from your nuclear reactors to your heat exchangers. Each turbine consume 60 water/s so 1200/60=20 turbines. This page was last edited on 13 September 2019, at 23:48. A "close enough" ratio is 20:24:1 accumulators to solar panels to megawatts required (for example, a factory requiring 10 MW can be approximately entirely powered, day and night, by 200 accumulators and 240 solar panels - this approximation differs from optimal only in that it calls for 20 extra solar panels, which is negligible but remember that the difference between the "close enough" ratio and the optimal ratio increases as you add more solar panels).