facts about the wheel of dharma facts about the wheel of dharma

Shakyamuni was also a name appointed to Buddha. It focuses on the rules and regulations, or the morals and ethics, of monastic life. In the Hindu Yogic, Buddhist Tantric, and Shakta traditions, the heart chakra is known as Anahata. According to this image: In Vigelandsparken in Oslo, Norway, there is also a sculpture with the name Wheel of Life (Livshjulet). Czerwony balon jest symbol walki z DMD. The Three Jewelsrefers to the Buddha, the Dharma (the teachings), and the Sangha (the community), The Buddhathe "Awakened One" or "Enlightened One", Delusionthe state of not seeing things with utter clarity, as they are, and of being confused or driven by desires, aversions, or responses to the senses, Dharmaliterally "truth" or "law," the path to enlightenment, Impermanencethat everything in the universe is in a constant state of change; the only constant is change itself; "This too shall pass", Mahayanone of the two most popular schools of Buddhist thought; it focuses on compassion and giving service to others, Nirvanathe state of freedom from limitations of the physical body and sense desire, Sanghathe community of nuns and monks who are transmitters of the Dharma to lay Buddhists, in the tradition of the Buddha, Theravadaone of the two most popular schools of Buddhist thought; it focuses on solitary reflection for spiritual enlightenment, No requirement for belief in God or a divine being, The idea that personal effort is necessary for spiritual advancement, A belief in personal responsibility for spiritual journey, (With many UUs) Valuing empirical evidence over intuitive understanding, Many songs and readingsfor example, in, Elizabeth Palmer Peabody, a UU activist for abolition, suffrage, education, Native American rights, and world peace, and founder of the kindergarten movement in America, published the first English translation of a Buddhist text in the transcendental journal, Many Buddhists are also UUs, and vice versa. By clicking Accept All Cookies, you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. However, it is not a symbol of Muslim origin, but according to historians, it gained importance historically as a symbol of the Ottoman Empire, although from the 19th century, during the expansion of Islam, it came to directly represent the Muslim world. With approximately 1.5 billion followers mainly in South Asia, it is currently the third largest religion in number of followers behind Christianity and Islam. While the first turning made use of conceptual knowledge, in the second turning wisdom cannot be found in conceptual knowledge. Other connections between Unitarian Universalism and Buddhism: Download all of Building Bridges (Word)to edit or print. Read our Terms of Service here. I will think only of your pure, Parinirvana is nirvana after death. The Wheel of Dharma, also known as the Dharmachakra, represents the Noble Eightfold Path, as well as the The Buddha was said to have revealed the second turning in sermons delivered on Vulture Peak Mountain in India. It leads you to salvation in stages. He is supposed to have lived from 563 till 483 BC. This peak is also sacred to Hindus who call it Siva's Peak. Wheel of Dharma Monthly | BCA facts about the wheel of dharma - hanoutapp.com The hub may be an empty circle or another wheel, as well as a yin-yang symbol, or perhaps three shapes swirling together. facts about the wheel of dharma - facecamplondon.com The exact identity of the figure varies. He left his father King Shuddodana's Palace in Kapilavastu when he was thirty. The simpler form, primarily used in Buddhism, is eight-spoked. Buddhism is an important world religion that started in India. Buddhists give offerings to temples and listen to talks on Dharma Day, to remember Buddhas teachings. WebThe Three Turnings of the Wheel (of Dharma) refers to a framework for understanding the sutra stream of the teachings of the Buddhism originally devised by the Yogachara school. by | Jun 8, 2022 | Jun 8, 2022 Po wybraniu przez pastwa numeru pokoju i wysaniu formularza, bdzie numer pokoju ju niedostpny. O'Brien, Barbara. Parinirvana Day marks Buddhas death and when the Buddha achieved final enlightenment. Among the three major monotheistic religions in the world that include Christianity and Islam, Judaism is the oldest. It is represented as U+2638 (). The buildings Buddhists worship in include: the vihara, chaitya, stupa, wat and pagoda. than your eyes, O nymph with languid regard.' Meditation is one of the most important parts of Buddhism. 4. What are the features of a Buddhist temple? Meditation helps Buddhists to develop an understanding of themselves and develop a calm mind. The temple is believed to house the Bodhi tree where the Buddha achieved enlightenment. Dharma Day Facts WebDHARMA WHEEL (BUDDHISM) - The dharma wheel, or dharma chakra in Sanskrit, is one of the oldest symbols of Buddhism. Both the Chinese princess, Wang Chang, and the Nepalese princess, Bhrikuti, brought statues of Buddha with them to Tibet. Sangha is a community of people who encourage practice or Dharma. WARSZTATY 7/8/9.10.2022 Rozpoczynamy zapisy na Warsztaty 2022. 6. "Not long after King Ajatasattu had left, the Blessed One addressed the monks: 'The king is wounded, monks. According to legend, Siddhartha Gautama was a prince, born in Lumbini (modern-day Nepal) in the fifth century BCE. It was called Adam's Peak by Muslims, and is revered even by some Christians. Explore our RE Buddhism Lessons for KS1 and KS2! Webkevin craig obituary walhalla, sc. Nirvana. The Madhyamaka ('Middle-Way') school of Mahayana Buddhism is regarded as the elucidation of the philsophy of which corpus of texts? We're glad you found our Fair Trade Poster resource helpful. In the dharmic religions (Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism), the wheel of life (also called by a variety of other names; see the Names section below) is a mandala or symbolic representation of samsara, the continuous cycle of birth, life, death. What is the name of the ideal holy man of Hinayana who endeavors to attain enlightenment on his own? What was the name of the Chinese wife of Srong Tsen Gampo? facts about the wheel of dharma - santoba.org O'Brien, Barbara. The doctrine of Buddha Nature is described by the Dzogchen Ponlop Rinpoche this way: Because all beings are fundamentally Buddha Nature, all beings may realize enlightenment. We now come to Lam Rim Teaching. Both countries follow the Mahayana tradition of Buddhism. They were named by Gautama Buddha as places worthy of pilgrimage. The Buddha is said to have turned the dharma wheel on his first sermon, signifying a great and revolutionary change with universal consequences. To appreciate the first and subsequent turnings, consider the Buddha's position after his enlightenment. WebBy turning the wheel of Dharma he was renewing or re-setting in motion the tradition of virtue and high ethics, that has seriously degraded by his time (judging by his criticism of brahmins with their corrupted morality). China and Nepal each had to give a royal princess to the King of Tibet. The dharmachakra symbol is often paired with the trishula (trident), triratna (the triple jewel), or chatra (parasol). Three Turnings of the Wheel of Dharma Learn Religions. Many Buddhists also have shrines at home. The five largest world religions by order of number of followers are: Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism and Folk religions. "The Heart Sutra" is the most widely chanted sutra in Mahayana and Vajrayana Buddhism. In general, it symbolizes the conjunction of the energy of heaven together with the energy of the earth. Around the globe it is used to represent Buddhism in the she felt no regret. "Bodhi" translates as "enlightenment. Chocia przypadek DMD zosta opisany po raz pierwszy ponad 150 lat temu, niewiele osb jest wiadomych wpywu tej choroby na ycie samych osb chorujcych na DMD, ale rwnie i wpywu na ycie rodzestwa i caej rodziny. Even more amazing & time saving is having all of the resources so it can be a pick-up & teach plan. From the earliest period of Indian Buddhism to the present, the wheel of dharma was frequently used as a decoration in Buddhist temples, statues, and inscriptions. When the mind is without aversion, he discerns that the mind is without aversion. 15 Fun Facts about Buddhism and the Buddha | Fact City The book contains three volumes called: Vinaya Pitaka, Sutra Piaka, and Abhidhamma Pitaka. When the mind has delusion, he discerns that the mind has delusion. Instead, something is evil if it causes suffering. The dharma wheel can refer to the dissemination of the dharma teaching from country to country. The simpler form of the wheel of life has eight spokes and is primarily used only in Buddhism rather than in all the dharmic religions. Cloud Tea Monkeys planning is detailed yet to the point. In this sermon, he explained the Four Noble Truths, which would be the foundation of all the teachings he gave in his life. The three swirls in the center of the wheel represent the three jewels of Buddhism. Name the first Buddhist scholar who was invited by Srong Tsen Gampo to introduce Buddhism in Tibet. The tree is also known as the tree of awakening. . Another way to explain the second turning is that the basic elements of the second turning can be found in the historical Buddha's sermons, planted here and there like seeds, and it took about 500 years before the seeds began to sprout in the minds of living beings. Asking if his eyebrows have fallen out, he hangs a sheep's head but sells dog-meat'. Buddhist monks and nuns are responsible for sharing the Buddha's teaching and guiding Buddhists. Required fields are marked *. Karma is somehow the sort of behaviour and actions that lead to a person's reincarnation. The Buddha himself is also often depicted as sitting on a dais, flanked by a couple of deer in a kneeling position. It is also known as the Pentateuch and that in the Christian religion it is part of the Old Testament. The Wheel of Dharma represents these eight steps. The three Jewels help to rid the defilements of the subtle mind. The worlds largest Buddha statue is the Spring Temple Buddha, in China. So, instead, he developed a path of practice so that people could realize enlightenment for themselves. The dharma wheel symbol also points to the central Indian idea of dharma, a term referring to eternal cosmic law and universal moral order. Although Judaism is full of religious symbols related to its rites, the Star of David is its most important symbol. 2023 Symbols Archive - WordPress Theme by Kadence WP, Considered one of the auspicious signs or ashtamangala in, , translated as to hold, maintain, or keep., means what is established or firm, thus, law. It came from the older Vedic Sanskrit, -, which is literally translated as bearer, supporter.. Gautama was a self-renounced prince from Northern India around 500BC who taught the method of liberation through meditation. It is an even deeper revelation of the nature of truth. The second turning also moved away from the focus on individual enlightenment. In Buddhism, the lotus is linked with purity, spiritual awakening, and faithfulness. Available for pre-order Activity time: 15 minutes Materials for Activity Visual resources about body prayer. Alternate Activity 4: Body Prayer Library. They respect him as a role model and teacher. Buddhist temples contain an area for silent meditation. "Whatever is dependently co-arisen The Buddha taught that everything in the physical world shares certain characteristics that he called the "Three Marks of Existence". When the mind has aversion, he discerns that the mind has aversion. It is the name given to the eternal truth body of a Buddha. This symbol is attributed to King David who, according to the Bible, was the first king set by God who faced the giant Goliath and defeated him, thus becoming a warrior king and conqueror. Download your resources and pay in 3 interest-free installments with Klarna, Pay in 3 interest-free installments with Klarna. Otrzymacie informacje o opatach na email. Religious symbols have been adopted as a way in which different religions identify and represent their beliefs. Tantric (Vajrayana) Buddhists also use the term turning of the dharma wheel to refer to the progressive development of Buddhism which culminates in their school. on Tourist attractions in New York: Get to know the most important, on The energy of money: Know this energy and attract it, Capricorn natives: interesting facts about them. The twelve causal links are: (1) ignorance; (2) volitional action; (3) consciousness; (4) name and form (the fetus in a mothers uterus); (5) six sensory organs (i.e. Wheel of Dharmaeight-spoked for the Eightfold Path. (617) 742-2100 | info@uua.org. A pilgrimage is a journey to a significant or sacred place. 3. with mind unattached It's yours.' ", Lionthe symbol for the Buddha, associated with royalty, strength, and power. A link to set a new password will be sent to your email address. It stands for communicationinternal and external, as well as verbal and non-verbal. Facts about Buddhism KS3 Religious Studies - BBC Bitesize The World of Animals and the World of Hungry Ghosts is always in the bottom half of the wheel, with the World of Animals bordering the World of Humans and the World of Hungry Ghosts bordering the World of Asuras. He was the first person to reach the state of enlightenment. WebFor nothing lasts forever in Buddhism Even the lord of hell, Yama, has his end And all beings have a chance to escape The way out of hell is through compassion And the wisdom that sees beyond illusion The Buddha taught the path of liberation And showed us how to end our confusion So do not fear hell, but do not seek it either There are two main festivals that Buddhist celebrate. Sunyata or Emptiness: The Perfection of Wisdom. "Bodhi" translates as "enlightenment." 15 Interesting Facts about Buddhism The three volumes contain the teachings of Buddha, this is called Dharma. The monks' robes are also identical in the two lands. Buddhism is a religion originated from India based on the teachings of Gautama Buddha. Sometimes, the wheel is represented as only having five spokes because the World of the Devas and the World of the Asuras are combined into a single world. The language of Pali is now a dead language used today mainly through interpretation of the teachings of Gautama. And for their part, the spokes of the wheel represent the link between meditation and Buddhist teachings. This is the only sect of Buddhism established by an Indian in Tibet. Yet the turning of the wheel goes onward. He saw sick, old and dying people for the first time in his life. O'Brien, Barbara. Emojipedia is a registered trademark of Zedge, Inc;Apple is a registered trademark of Apple Inc; Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation; Google and Android are registered trademarks or trademarks of Google Inc in the United States and/or other countries. This is a place the head monk can talk to the worshippers from. grows all the more. It later became prevalent in modified form in Tibetan Buddhism and related traditions. You might ask if the historical Buddha was no longer alive, how could he have turned the wheel again? It contains a lot of superstitions, rites and rituals and developed in isolation from contemporary civilization. Chopca, ktry ma swoje marzenia i z nadzieja czeka na lek. The first discourse given by the Buddha following final enlightenment was where? A person going on a pilgrimage is called a pilgrim. Postpowanie to samo jak w punkcie 2. The snake represents hatred and envy. Otwieramy plik Formularz, czytamy dokadnie i wypeniamy poprawnie. Buddha Day, the celebration of Buddha's birthday, commonly celebrated during the first full moon in May, Bodhi Day, an acknowledgement of the day the Buddha sat down under the bodhi tree to achieve enlightenment, celebrated on December 8, Nirvana Day, celebrating the day the Buddha reached nirvana, usually celebrated on February 15. The outer rim of the wheel is divided into twelve sections and given such names as the Twelve Interdependent Causes and Effects or the Twelve Links of Causality. The dharma wheel, usually depicted as a wheel with eight spokes for the Eightfold Path, is a symbol of Buddhism and of the Buddha dharma. PDF files of the latest print edition and archives are available below. There are many variations of the dharmachakra, but they are usually depicted as having 8 spokes and are gold in color. Wheel of Dharma long-lashed gaze, The. What ought to be the reply to Hakuin's statement here: 'Look, are my eyebrows still there? The first turning of the dharma wheel refers to Gautama Buddhas original teaching, in particular the Four Noble Truths which describes the mechanics of attachment, desire, suffering, and liberation via the Eightfold Path. As its main element, the Star of David has the triangle, which means wisdom and divinity, the desire to reach something high. Even if you should go far away, WebThe Three Turnings of the Wheel (of Dharma) refers to a framework for understanding the sutra stream of the teachings of the Buddhism originally devised by the Yogachara As a symbol, it has historical meanings that go way back to Biblical, Read More Anchor Symbol History And MeaningContinue, The Vishuddha symbol is made up of a 16-petaled circle with a crescent bearing a circle within. He was one of the chief disciples of the Buddha and is addressed in "The Heart Sutra". Change Consent. The scripts used for Buddhist teachings are Ucjan and Dzonkha, respectively, but they are nearly identical. The tree is also known as the tree of awakening. The Manipura symbol is made up of ten petals bearing the Sanskrit letters pha, pa, na, dha, da, tha, ta, nna, ddha, and dda. A common choice for the figure is Yama, the god of death. 'Here, take this eye. What is the Buddhist place of worship called? If you want to learn more about the Dharmachakra (Wheel of Dharma) symbol, read on to find out the meaning, history, and significance of this Buddhist symbol. Holidays: Many local celebrations exist in different countries. Top. It is the festival celebrating the birth of the Buddha. FunTrivia is a collaborative community effort, where we are constantly updating questions to keep them accurate. This is basically how a good Buddhist should act in order to avoid suffering as much as possible. Straightaway his passion faded right there, He had realized something that was beyond ordinary knowledge and experience. "Three Turnings of the Dharma Wheel." The Dharmachakra (Skt: wheel of the law with eight spokes) represents the Eightfold Path (Right View, Right Resolve, Right Speech, Right Actions, Right Occupation, Right Effort, Right Mindfulness, and Right Concentration). How many fold is this path? Exactly what I was looking for. Tibetan Book of the Dead, an ancient text with instructions for the dying and their caretakers. The six spokes divide the wheel into six sections which represent the Six Worlds (or Realms) of Existence. WebOfficial Monthly Publication of BCA. Run a retail store? Jest to plik interaktywny wiek pokoje s na zielono dostpne. The Vinaya Piaka is the monastic code. In Mahayana Buddhism it is the title given to one who compassionately postpones enlightenment for the sake of helping others realize themselves. The second word in Lam Rim Teaching is 'Rim'. In Buddhism, the turning motion of a wheel is also used to represent the cyclical nature of life. The Prajaparamita sutras, dating from the 1st century CE and afterward, are traditionally said to be the word of the Buddha concealed for later discovery. WebDharma Wheel Buddhas teachings are said to be like a precious wheel because, wherever they spread, the people in that area have the opportunity to control their minds by putting The three jewels are the Buddha (or the teacher), the Dharma (the teachings of Buddha), and the sangha (the community). Wheel of Dharma Its traditions, beliefs and spiritual practices are based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, also known as Buddha who is said to be an example of individual peace, and that speak of the end of suffering through enlightenment. The Anahata symbol is comprised of 12 petals which are bluish in color. "We are offered a systematic path and a conceptual approach that are free of self.". Buddhism (Dharma Wheel) | City of Grove Oklahoma You can view your wishlist by creating account or logging-in an existing account. Siddhartha Gautama's inquiring and contemplative nature saw him become unhappy with his life and the inequality he saw on the streets. The symbol of Buddhism is called The Wheel of Life, the Dharmachakra or the Dharma Wheel. One of them, perhaps the most widespread, says that the circle of the wheel represents the uniqueness and perfection of Buddhist teachings, while the centre of the wheel represents the discipline necessary to carry out a correct meditation. They believe that the human life is a cycle of suffering and rebirth, but it is possible to escape this cycle forever by reaching a state of enlightenment, or nirvana. In Buddhism, dharma is the path to attaining enlightenment and reaching Nirvana. Follow Emojipedia on Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, Mastodon, orTikTok. Prophets: Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha ("the Awakened One"), for whom the faith is named. Dharma Wheel | About Dharma Bodhi Tree (also called Bo Tree)the tree under which the Buddha achieved enlightenment. View and download a free version of this story, View and download free Buddha colouring pages. It has been noted that a wheel symbol is often seen in artifacts from the Indus Valley civilization, especially on various seals. Kady jeden taki balon oznacza jednego chorego chopca. https://www.facebook.com/events/685819035905695. Three Turnings of the Dharma Wheel - Learn Religions Also called the Wheel of Enlightenment, the Wheel of Truth, and the Wheel of Law. in India. The XIVth Dalai Lama, exiled to India, belonged to the Gelug sect of Buddhism in Tibet. This is the birthplace of Siddhartha. The word Tripitaka means Triple Basket. In this sense the dharma wheel began rolling in India, then arrived in China, and then to Korea, etc. The flower is considered pure because even though it grows in murky waters, the flower is white. However, there are some variations of this cross that represent different branches within Christianity; for example, the Orthodox Church uses an eight-armed cross. It has since spread across Asia and around the world. It means the unity with the supreme and the fusion between the physical and the spiritual thing. Tourist attractions in New York: Get to know the most important, The energy of money: Know this energy and attract it. Then great sages such as Nagarjuna came forth to be the Buddha's voice in the world. WebIn Hinduism, dharma is the spiritual law for human beings. Szerzenie wiadomoci na temat tej choroby wrd szerszego grona odbiorcw pomoe unikn opnie w diagnozowaniu, lepszego zrozumienia problemw zwizanych z choroba, poprawy opieki medycznej i oglnego wsparcia dla nas wszystkich chorych i ich rodzin. These three elements of the dharma wheel is depicted in various ways. These petals bear the, Read More Anahata Symbol History And MeaningContinue, Looking for Buddhist symbols and their meanings? Reb Anderson calls the third turning "a logical approach that is based on the refutation of logic. Facts About Buddhism for Kids | A PlanBee Blog An old name for the tradition now known as 'theravada' literally means 'lesser vehicle'. It is also one of the oldest symbols that have been used since it was very common among previous religions and civilizations. Re: Facts about Buddhism. Other variations are: 1. The New York Times bestselling author of How to Do Nothing offers us different ways to experience time in this dazzling, subversive, and deeply hopeful book. This represents a deeper understanding of the nature of existence than the first turning doctrine of anatta. The. They are Wesak and Parinirvana Day. in Nepal. Penniless and homeless, he became a disciple of Brahman teachers and adopted the life of an ascetic. Reincarnation is the belief that when someone dies, they are reborn again as something else. The fact that the lotus grows out of mud symbolizes the possibility of purity, beauty, and clearness of purpose arising from the most humble of origins. This religion currently has an approximate 15 million followers, and the laws which it is based on are contained in a holy book called the Torah. She is the author of "Rethinking Religion" and has covered religion for The Guardian, Tricycle.org, and other outlets. As a result, when the ego ends, happiness begins. The more elaborate form of the wheel of life has six spokes (or sometimes five, as described in more detail below) and is used in all the dharmic religions. Do Not Sell My Personal Information. Other symbolisms in the eight-spoked wheel of life in Buddhism: According to some Buddhist schools, the Buddha turned the one or more wheels of life into motion. Your reply..? The different number of spokes may denote different aspects of the Buddhas teaching (dharma). All emoji namesareofficial Unicode Character Databaseor CLDR names. Also called the Wheel of Enlightenment, the Wheel of Truth, and the Wheel of Law. It is in the shape of a wheel to represent the completeness of the Dharma. Buddhists try to live their lives in a way that reduces suffering. Is itself the middle way.". Retrieved from https://www.learnreligions.com/three-turnings-of-the-dharma-wheel-450003. Stupaan architectural form representing all the elements and often used to store important relics or documents. Ta strona przechowuje i ma dostp do cookies w celu prawidowego funkcjonowania, analiz i statystyk strony. There is the case where a monk, when the mind has passion, discerns that the mind has passion. Formularz Zapisy. But tell me, where is the mix-up?'. Certain behavioral and psychological characteristics are linked with Vishuddha or throat chakra. The dharmachakra has been used to represent the Buddhas dharma since. Dharmachakra Symbol - History And Meaning - Symbols Archive Straightaway she gave it to him. WebWithin the Buddhist tradition, the dharma wheel is illustrated with a varying number of spokes, the most common number being eight spokes which symbolize the Eightfold Path of Buddhism. Wplata zaliczki na konto Fundacji z dopiskiem Warsztaty dla DMD. Wheel of Dharma was approved as part of Unicode 1.1 in 1993 and added to Emoji 1.0 in 2015.. That is explained to be __________. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Check out the NRSPlus.com (no hyperlink) Point of Sale (POS) system, and low-rate NRSPay.com (no hyperlink) credit card processing from our partner,National Retail Solutions (NRS). The word Dharma has more than one meaning but in Buddhism it simply refers to the teachings of the Buddha. How Mahayana Buddhism Is the Great Vehicle, The Dharma Wheel (Dharmachakra) Symbol in Buddhism, The Life of the Buddha, Siddhartha Gautama, Early Buddhist History: The First Five Centuries. For example, a child's dharma is to be a good student. Dhamma Wheel forum Dharma Paths forum. The other side is the Dark Path, which represents how souls may move downward to the World of Hell. Which name is this? Although it is a symbol formed by two intersecting lines, in the Christian cross the vertical line is slightly longer than the horizontal one. WebWHEEL OF DHARMA Official Monthly Publication of BCA Our monthly publication is mailed to all BCA members and features stories about Shin Buddhism, news and events from Konark Sun temple in Odisha, Odisa, Orissa, India, c. 1200 CE. is a detailed analysis and summary of the Buddha's teachings. Kuinagara is where Gautama Buddha died and attained Parinirvana. The Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha compose what three articles in Buddhism? It was engendered by Hsueh Tou and Yung Wu, a school of Chan Buddhism (960-1024 AD), and disseminated to the Rinzai schools of Japan. View and download free Buddhist festivals crossword puzzles, Best Schemes of Work for the Start of Term, ** total_quantity ** | ** unit_price ** / ** unit_measure **. The dharma wheel is described as a chariots wheel that consists of the hub, the rim, and the spokes. He was a prince of the Shakya family. In this sense the dharma wheel began rolling in India, then arrived in China, and then to Korea, etc.